innovative potential of the industry, its effective use in order to create sustainable
opportunities for the country to strengthen its competitiveness and ensure a high level
of national and economic security in the globalization processes context.
Research results. According to the data of 2017, Ukraine was on the 50
th
place
among 127 countries according to the Global Innovation Index, which demonstrates a
high potential for an innovative model of the country’s economic development in
general. At the same time, the quality of the state institutions in the innovations context
is rather low (96 out of 120 according to the “government's efficiency”).
According to the innovation development index of the agency Bloomberg in 2018
Ukraine lost 4 positions during the year, which congruences the 46
th
place in the
ranking among 50 countries. Ukraine proved to be the worst in terms of labour
productivity (the 50
th
place) and ranked the 48
th
place for technological opportunities.
At the same time, it succeeded to be ranked the 21
st
place on the efficiency of higher
education and the 27
th
place on patent activity.
In the Global Competitiveness Index for 2017-2018, Ukraine ranked the 81
st
place
out of the 137 studied countries.
Ukraine still holds quite high positions in terms of
“higher, secondary and professional education” and “market capacity”, but has a
critical backlog in the ratings of the “macroeconomic environment”, “institutions”, and
“business development”. According the “innovations” sub-index, this year Ukraine has
ranked the 61
st
place, that shows a fall of 9 positions compared with 2016-2017.
The indicators value of the innovative activity (the number of introduced models
of new equipment, the number of inventions, etc.), as compared with 1990, decreased
by 8-15 times depending on the economic sector. The most significant decrease is
observed in technologically advanced industries, such as transport engineering, aircraft
engineering, space industry, production of power equipment for seagoing vessels and
so on.
Ukraine is becoming a supplier of raw materials and products with little added
value to foreign markets. It has lost its positions in the output of science-intensive
products. Total volume of financing for innovation activity in 2012 decreased
compared with 2011 and amounted to 0.81% of GDP. It should be noted that the impact
of scientific and technological potential on acceleration of the country's social and
economic development occurs only when the GDP intensity of science exceeds 0.9%;
otherwise, the economic function of science is lost. In particular, in the USA has been
taken the goal to bring expenses on research and development spending to the level
over 3% of GDP to keep technological and economic leading position in the world.
These investments are aimed at the breakthrough technologies development that will
ensure the progress of the technological basis in the economy for the next decades [10;
11].
It should be noted that the innovation funding model in Ukraine, according to
which the main investments volume in this sector is carried out by the state, does not
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