correspond to the current trends in the world [12; 13]. In developed countries
innovation funding is mainly carried out by national and foreign businesses, in
particular by transnational corporations (TNCs), whose role in the global innovation
and investment process is decisive. The constant increasing in the range of activities
and assets, the intellectual resources availability that receive TNCs as entities of the
world economy define the preconditions for their leadership in creating innovations. In
order to obtain scientific and technical knowledge and experience, TNCs organize
strategic alliances [8; 9]. International scientific and technical cooperation promotes to
increase the efficiency of using time and expenses for carrying out scientific
developments. The policy of developed countries concerning international companies
consists in using advantages thanks to which the country's competitiveness forms, that
is particularly topical for high-tech industries.
Nowadays in the world’s globalization conditions, effective innovative
development of the economy is a prerequisite for the country's exit on the trajectory of
sustainable high-tech development. Gradually the necessary preconditions for the
transition to an innovative model of economic development are being created in the
country − a legislative framework is being formed, small and medium innovative
entrepreneurship is under the development, its infrastructure is under the development
− venture capital, technology parks, business centres and innovative incubators,
consultancy firms. However, the analysis of the scientific and technological
development experience in other countries suggests that in order to transfer the
economy to the innovative path, an inclusive involvement of all society members to
the innovation activity in the context of guaranteeing security and equality, respect of
human rights and freedoms of each individual are necessary.
The inclusive development concept sets aside that each economic entity is
important, unique, valuable to society and has the capacity to meet its needs. The
inclusive growth of the economy is a multi-factorial and multi-layered process, which
basis is the economy of maximum employment and all subjects interaction in the
context of humanitarian development of society.
The World Bank defines inclusive innovation as any innovative activity that helps
to expand easy access to quality products and services, which creates and increases the
opportunities for marginalized social groups to raise the finances. It highlights five
distinctive features of inclusive innovation: acceptable access; sustainable production;
goods and services that create opportunities to receive funds for livelihood; focusing
on the marginalized social groups, especially people with disabilities [1].
Under “inclusive innovations” is perceived the creation and introduction of new
quality products or services designed for and / or those who deprived of decent living
standards (for example, for people with low incomes, people with disabilities,
migrants, retired people, etc ).
- 141 -