behavior according to the role is weakened and this is compounded by the influence of
the previously established mindset of physical punishment of family members for any,
often even minor, faults. Choosing a criminal option to resolve a family conflict
becomes easier [9, p. 59].
In our opinion, all the above-mentioned factors (which are of both general
criminological and interpersonal nature) can only be the pre-conditions that – provided
a person has the complex of willfulness and illusions – will facilitate inflicting a
particular type of violence on another family member. These pre-conditions are of
subjective nature, since – although they exist in society regardless of individual wishes
– their content depends on the individual perception of every single person. In the
process of development of the socio-economic and political-cultural life of society, in
a given period of state-building, the very attitude to these pre-conditions changes.
Furthermore, none of the above-listed factors can disappear altogether.
In particular, alcoholism existed in the last century as well, but, in comparison
with the Soviet period, the rate of alcohol abuse has significantly increased recently.
The same is true for the propaganda of the violence and cruelty cult. Today, in addition
to the fact that society does not condemn the manifestations of cruelty and aggression,
it even becomes, on the contrary, "prestigious" to have a reputation as a dangerous
person. At the same time, the state does not make adequate efforts to combat these
phenomena. We can increasingly observe the incidents when force is used against
vulnerable segments of the population are ignored by law enforcement agencies
altogether. Under such conditions, there is no obstacle on the part of the state and
society to the fulfillment of the person's complex of willfulness and illusions through
committing violent actions. These conditions contribute to the spread of the antisocial
orientation of the personality as a result of the interaction between criminogenic factors
of the family desocialization and the negative influence of the non-family environment.
Domestic violence most often manifests itself in such forms as:
−
beating;
−
abuse;
−
constant economic control;
−
humiliation;
−
obscene remarks;
−
coercion into sexual intercourse (sexual abuse);
−
not allowing to work.
Particularly disturbing is the fact that, in the vast majority of cases, violence in
the family is characterized by the extreme form of gender inequality, when men use
force against the weak – women, children – those who live with them in the same
household [10, p. 456]. Thus, there is a crisis of masculinity, when men – those who
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