In our studies, background indicators were used to determine the level of
technogenic contamination of agricultural land with heavy metals. In understanding
the background physical and chemical properties of soils, we rely on the approaches
used in soil science, where, in the background, concrete parameters of soils (even soils
of varying degrees of anthropogenic pollution) are adopted in the background that are
typical and dominant for a particular territory [10].
Samples of soils were taken in four directions from the airport of Danylo
Halytskyi (see pic. 1) at a distance of 50 m and 100 m from the sanitary protection
zone: northeastern, southwestern, northwestern and southeastern, also by the envelope
method (the average sample contains not less than five-point samples taken from one
test area). Depth of sampling 30 cm. The process of determining the elemental
composition of sampling soil was carried out in the educational-scientific laboratory of
environmental control and expertise of the Lviv Polytechnic National University at
Institute of Ecological Safety and Nature Protection Activities, named after Viacheslav
Chornovil, on the fluorescence analyzer EXPERT-3L.
Figure 1. Map with the indicated points of sampling of the soil of the
international airport "Lviv" named after Danylo Halytsky
According to the research, the content of the chemical elements in the soils at the
points indicated in (Table 1) was determined.
The content of heavy metals in the landscapes is a representative indicator of the
ecological condition of the territory. For spatial interpretation, concrete and visual
representation of data on contamination of landscape complexes with various chemical
compounds, it is advisable to use dimensionless indicators, in particular, the coefficient
of concentration.
The question remains problematic because of choosing the criteria of landscape
and geochemical assessment of the content of pollutants in soils, in particular, the
- 209 -