Research results. 1. General tendencies of labour force development in
Ukraine. The empirical base of the study is data on employment provided by the State
Statistics Service of Ukraine. It is worth mentioning about methodological difficulties
arisen while assessing the structural shifts in employment. In accordance with the
paragraph 1 of the Order of the State Committee of Ukraine on Technical Regulation
and Consumer Policy of 11 October 2010 № 457 “On Approval and Cancellation of
the National Classifiers”, the national classifier of Ukraine DK 009: 2010
“Classification of the types of economic activity” (KVED-2010) entered into force on
1 January 2012 replacing the Classification of the types of economic activity DK 009:
2005 (KVED-2005) [2-3; 4, р.40]. It determined the studied time period.
During 2012-2017 the number of economically active population of Ukraine
diminished from 20 851 200 people to 17 854 400 people. The labour market was
characterized by disparity in demand and supply of labour force. Although, at the end
of the given period the level of workload of the registered unemployed per 10 vacancies
decreased from 108 persons to 70, the professional-qualification imbalance of labour
force still remains. According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine in 2017 every
fifth vacancy was offered at enterprises and institutions of the processing and mining
industries, the share of vacancies in trade and repair of motor vehicles was 15%, in
public administration and defense, social insurance – 12%, education and transport –
9%, healthcare and agriculture – 5%. At the same time, the demand for skilled workers
with tools is maintained [5, 6]. Due to the military conflict the migration of the
population increases. While in 2011 number of people seeking for work abroad or those
who already work in other countries was 6%, in 2015 the share increased up to 8% [7,
р. 14].
The analysis of the level of wages from sectoral dimension showed that the
highest monthly wages in 2017 was among the employees of aviation transport and IT
which amounted to more than 33332 UAH, the financial and insurance sector – 14889
UAH, the lowest wages were among the employees of post and delivery activity
amounted to 4487 UAH, healthcare and social assistance sector – 6163 UAH. In
general, the level of wages in 2017 amounted to 7 104 UAH [5, 6].
The amount of employed population decreased from 19 261 400 people in 2012
to 16 156 400 people in 2017, that is by 16.1%. At the same time, the level of
unemployment reached the point of 9.9% and became the highest for the period. The
most rapid decline of employment was observed in 2014. According to economic
activity among the registered unemployed in 2017, 19.5% were previously engaged in
industry, 18% in wholesale and retail trade as well as in repair of motor vehicles sector,
15.4% in agriculture, forestry and fisheries, and 12.2% in construction [5].
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