excess of labour force in crises periods. At the same time, due to weather conditions,
this sector is structure-forming for our economy.
5.
The calculation of indicators of structural shifts testified the absence of
significant shifts in the process of gradual changes of workers employed in various
sectors in the study period.
6.
The identified imbalance of structural employment makes it possible to
conclude that, firstly, there is an absence of conditions contributing to a different
distribution of labour force; secondly, there is a significant decline in the
manufacturing sector. Expansion of employment in non-manufacturing sector not
supported by relevant qualitative changes in manufacturing sector (which, in particular,
is evidenced by a sharp deficit of highly qualified personnel in relevant sectors) gives
rise to formation of a kind of internal “bubble”, the consequences of an “explosion” of
which will be tangible if appropriate actions are not taken.
Given the above, state regulation of the processes in the sphere of labour and
employment is considered justified and necessary. The main determinants of state
regulation of sectoral employment are:
1.
The sectoral structure of employment is a derivative of structural
transformations of the economy. So, the progressive employment model formation
requires a global approach to the issue of restructuring the economy in a whole and
forming a comprehensive strategy for structural restructuring of the labour market at
the state level. It should be based on the modernization of a real sector and the increase
in labour productivity. Adaptation of the labour market to new conditions should be
carried out, on the one hand, by gradual reduction of obsolete sectors, on the other
hand, by increasing high-tech sector.
2.
Formation of highly qualified information base relating to the employment
and the labour market issues. This direction involves a comprehensive analysis of the
labour market data, identification of the need for workplaces, formation of a system of
indicators that reflects the level of employment effectiveness, and development of
employment projection based upon these data.
3.
One of the priority directions is to create workplaces in the sectors with the
maximum competitive effect. It is also important in the context of preserving the labour
potential of the economy.
4.
For public authorities there is a challenging task to raise the level of labour
force costs. Today this indicator in Ukraine is one of the lowest in Europe.
5.
Formation of the innovative employment structure by the types of economic
activity is possible only in close relationship with the sectors of education and
professional training. Thus, the state should consolidate its efforts in conjunction with
business and educational establishments in the context of providing the economy with
highly qualified and educated personnel.
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