and today stands at 0.9%. The area of sowing perennials, annual grasses, hayfields and
pastures in field fodder production shrunk sharply. Farms do not have specialized
fodder crop rotations, feed production have become financially and energetically
consumed [4, 211].
In the system of measures aimed on ensuring of high productivity forage lands as
a source of valuable grass fodders, big role belongs to creation of sowing cenosis based
on effective using genetic potential of perennial bean and cereal grasses. Species that
are the most productive and well adapted to the zonal and local conditions, with big
combining ability in agrophytocenosis on the various methods and modes of land use
and character intensity of care on them plays large role too.
Meadow turf improving soil fertility due to accumulation of nutrients: nitrogen,
phosphorus, potassium in the roots and their residues, contribute to improving the
stability and increasing the permissible load on the soil, reduces the negative pressure
on the lower layers of the soil [5, 177-182]. Particularly increasing accumulation of
nitrogen, when in the grass mixture are legume components. The greatest amount of
nitrogen is accumulated in the roots of alfalfa-cereal grasses (183-224 kg/ha), and the
smallest - in the roots and their residues of cereal grass stand (87-116 kg/ha) [6, 99-
112].
On the meadow grass stand, turf is able to accumulate nitrogen from fertilizers
and prevent it washing away in the lower horizons of the soil. At the same time,
meadow grasses raise nitrogen from the lower layers, ensuring it immobilization,
which reduces the migration and harmful effects of nitrogen on the environment.
Results of the experiments. The soil cover of stationary polygon represented by
sod-podzolic surface-gleyed soils on the slope of the northwest exposure with a
steepness of 1-3°.
According to the agrochemical data, arable layer contains about 2.3% humus (Fig.
1). With depth, the percentage sharply reducing. The reaction of the soil is strongly
acid and acid (pH of the salt extract are 4,4 - 4,8), the hydrolytic acidity - 5,8-6,0 mg-
eq per 100 g of soil.
Figure 1. Physico-chemical rates of the sod-podzolic soil profile
2.34
1.31
0.98
0.54
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
Hu
m
u
s
,
%
Hegl (0-20)
Egl (20-35)
IEgl (35-50)
I (50-100)
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