Weather conditions during three years of research were mostly favorable for the
growth and formation of grass harvest. Cultivating technology of cereal grasses on
experimental field generally accepted for the soil-climatic conditions of Precarpathian
region, except for the factors of investigation.
Botanical composition reflects the particle role of mass size in the individual
groups of plants in the composition of grass mixtures with two hay cutting mode of it
use like during the vegetation period and years of studying. During the process of
studying, we found that the botanical composition of grass stand depends on the sown
species, years of use and water-temperature mode of the growing season.
In the first years of use in cereal grass agrophytocenoses, the composition of
grasses such as Phleum pratense L., Lolium perenne L., Festuca orientalis, Bromus
inermis, Festuca rubra L., Dactylis glomerata, Phalaris arundinacea was almost the
same and ranged from 90-98% depending on soil treatments. The smallest amount of
grasses observed on plowing depth 16-18 cm in a variant with Dactylis glomerata.
During the second year of life, the weather conditions of growing season negatively
affects on the botanical composition of grass stand. Lack of soil moisture and high
temperature caused changes in the ratio of species composition. During this period, the
share of motley grass increased and presented by Matricaria perforata Merat,
Taraxacum officinale, Cirsium arvense, Equisetum arvense L., Echinochloa crus-galli
L., and other species. On average, during the years of growing cereal grasses, the
percentage of cereals to motley grasses was between 71 and 92%. The smallest amount
of montley grasses was observed in the variant of Dactylis glomerata on plowing depth
20-22 cm and amounted to 8% of the total weight of green mass (Table 3).
Table 3 Botanical composition of grass stand, percentage to the total weight of
green mass depending on soil tillage
№
Variants
Plowing, cm
On average during the years of
growing
cereals
motley grasses
1
Phleum pratense L.
20-22
87
13
16-18
89
11
8-10
85
15
2
Lolium perenne L.
20-22
88
12
16-18
90
10
8-10
86
14
3
Festuca orientalis
20-22
80
20
16-18
82
18
8-10
79
21
4
Bromus inermis
20-22
87
13
16-18
89
11
8-10
86
14
5
Dactylis glomerata
20-22
92
8
16-18
90
10
8-10
88
12
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