profile. Analyzing of these changes can be emphasize that depending on the species,
maximum of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen observed under Festuca orientalis (77.8-78.4
mg/kg soil) and Dactylis glomerata (77.8-79.3 mg/kg of soil). Relation to initial
accumulation indicators of this element on sowing period was respectively by 14-18%.
Established, that content of mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium
increased in all variants of perennial cereal grasses, but during the cultivation of
Festuca orientalis and Dactylis glomerata amount of Р
2
О
5
increased by 12% and К
2
О
by 16.4% respectively. Maximum indicates observed during the cultivation of Festuca
rubra L. and Phalaris arundinacea, where the content of mobile phosphorus was 106-
108 mg / kg and exchangeable potassium 111-116 mg/kg respectively.
Perennial grasses have the ability to transfer an inaccessible forms of nutrients,
especially such as potassium and phosphorus into available.
The influence of main soil tillage was determined only in the first years of sowing
and in the future ignored in connection with acquisition of natural agro-physical soil
properties.
The analysis of nitrogen flow from the soil showed that the most intensive use of
this element was by Phleum pratense L. and Dactylis glomerata - removal with harvest
was 87.6 and 85.9 kg/ha, respectively. This is resulted from the high productivity of
these crops. The lowest nitrogen losses was recorded in Festuca orientalis - 77.4 kg/ha,
which correlates with the lowest productivity of this variant. The largest income
amount of nitrogen was recorded on the variant with Phleum pratense L. - 177.3 kg/ha,
and the smallest - in variant with Festuca orientalis 85.1 kg/ha, which is 48.0% less
than in the previous variant. Total nitrogen balance was positive in all variants of the
experiment; the intensity of nitrogen balance was the largest in the variant with Festuca
rubra L. and was 170 kg/ha, the capacity of balance on variant of Phleum pratense L.
- 289%.
During the years of research, analysis of phosphorus and potassium loosing,
showed that these nutrients were most used by Phleum pratense L. - 27.5 and 82.5
kg/ha, respectively. The lowest phosphorus and potassium looses were noted in variant
with Festuca orientalis (21.0 and 63.0 kg/ha, respectively), which, in our opinion, is
related to the productivity of this variant. The balance of nitrogen, potassium and
phosphorus in soil on all variants of experiment was positive, which indicates a
relatively high efficiency of cereal grasses. Soil fertilization also had a positive impact
on the balance.
CONCLUSION
1. In the average during the cultivation years of cereal grasses, the percentage of
cereals to motley grasses was in the range of 71 to 92%.
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