protection of labour in the USSR, the future head of the (from 1927 to 1932) of the
Institute of Labour Protection, the developer of the provisions of the chapter "Labour
Protection" of the Labour Code of the RSFSR [13]. Criticizing both the organization
of the factory inspection in the Russian Empire and made by the Temporary
Government's draft on labour inspectorate with the representation of their workers only
as assistants appointed by the government of inspectors, S. Kaplun positively
characterizes the RSFSR Decree on Labour Inspection and the Order to Labour
Inspectors. Describing the activities of the Soviet inspection, S. Kaplun emphasized
that it is reduced not to the supervision in the old sense of the word (detection of cases
of non-enforcement of laws and bringing the perpetrators to court), but to direct
creative implementation of all revolutionary resolutions on labour protection [14,
p. 10].
The second period of Soviet historiography (1922-1933 years) relates to the
introduction of a new economic policy (hereinafter – the NEP), when the science of
labour law experienced some kind of renaissance. According to the development of
labour legislation, the beginning of the period is related to the adoption of a new Labour
Code of the RSFSR of 1922, which legalized contractual labour relations, and its
completion − with the liquidation of the People's Commissariat of Labour
(hereinafter – the PCL) of the RSFSR and the transfer of labour protection to trade
unions. Currently, state officials and the first Soviet scholars of labour law were
actively publishing on the pages of the departmental body − the NKP of the RSFRR −
the journal "Issues of Labour", among them the People's Commissar of Labour of the
RSFSR of V. Schmidt, a scientist-economist and an employee of the NCR of the
RSFSR B. Markus, S. Kaplun. It is significant that the fate of the journal, as
A. Lushnykov noticed, reflected the fate of Soviet science itself [15, p. 24]. Since the
early 1930s, discussion papers have been stopped to be published on its pages, and in
connection with the merger of the PCL and the All-Union Central Council of Trade
Unions (the VTsSPS), the journal itself was closed in 1933, as explained in the letter
of the leadership of the Institute of History of the Communist Academy to the campaign
propaganda of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was
that the ideological direction of the journal "... was not communistic" [16, p. 99].
In the 20s years of the twentieth century there are a number of textbooks on labour
law by the authorship of leading specialists V. Dohadov, Y. Voitynskyi,
K. Varshavskyi. Each of these scientists paid attention to the characteristics of labour
inspections, comparing its status with inspections of foreign countries. Taking into
account the growing role of trade unions, including in the field of supervision and
control, the legal position of the latter V. Dohadov investigated on a monographic
level [17].
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