their performance and development of an appropriate system of influence on student,
identifying the causes of fatigue. The theoretical basis of the study consists of
statements and conclusions on the theory of individualization (Iu. Babanskyi, V.
Zahviazynskyi, A. Kirsanov, I. Lerner, V. Sukhomlynskyi, and others); of didactic
principle of an individual approach that creates conditions for the comprehensive
development of schoolchildren, taking into account their inclinations, opportunities
and interests (Iu. Babanskyi, B. Brodskyi, B. Yesypov, I. Kovalchuk, Ye. Klymov, I.
Lerner, V. Onyshchuk, K.
Ushynskyi, A. Furman); psychological and pedagogical foundations of the
division of schoolchildren into groups in an individualized learning process (Iu.
Babanskyi, A. Kovalov, V. Shatalov); the places in which the handout is located as a
means in an individualized learning process (V. Onyshchuk, K. Starosta, I. Unt).
Considered means of education in their works: P. Halperin, A. Zaporozhets, D. Elkonin
and others. Now means of education are considering in different aspects R. Osadchuk,
N. Polovnikova. However, the authors differ in the definition and classification of the
proposed funds, which requires further processing of this problem. The processed
scientific sources in which the teaching aids are presented quite extensively, prompted
us to analyze only the means of stimulating educational activity and systematize them
by their origin and the nature of the direction:
• artistic origin (Sh. Amonashvili, I. Bekh, A. Kirsanov, E. Popova, K. Starosta,
V. Rupeta, N. Nechvolod, V. Sukhomlynskyi ta in.) [1; 2; 19; 29; 31; 32; 33];
• activity direction (Sh. Amonashvili, A. Vikhrenko, B. Hershunskyi, Ya. Prukha,
V. Sukhomlynskyi, H. Shchukina ta in.) [1; 7;11;33;36];
• psychological direction (Sh. Amonashvili, T. Yevdokimov, M. Zvereva, I.
Zimniaia, Ye. Klimov, H. Shchukina ta in.) [1; 22; 23; 24; 27];
• nature (B. Brodskyi, V. Sukhomlynskyi) [5; 33].
Research results. In the new socio-economic conditions, when multi-faceted
searches are made for ways of reviving the nation, its prospects for development in the
21st century, it becomes an objective necessity to develop new approaches to defining
the concept of a means of education. These approaches are specified in the concept of
creating learning aids [23, p. 14]. Their essence is determined by:
• compliance of the content of informative functions with the task of the school
curriculum;
• complexity, versatility, versatility, integration, diversity of types of
individualized learning activities;
• compliance with the modern level of science and technology, taking into account
the cognitive and physiological characteristics of students;
• focus on the developmental function and its humanization.
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