Hamaiunova V.
Doctor of agricultural Sciences, Professor, Mykolaiv NAU, Mykolaiv, Ukraine
Hlushko T.
Сandidate of agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, State Higher
Educational Institution “Kherson SAU”, Kherson, Ukraine
Honenko L.
Сandidate of agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Mykolaiv NAU,
Mykolaiv, Ukraine
PRESERVATION OF SOIL FERTILITY AS A BASIS FOR IMPROVING
THE EFFICIENCY OF MANAGEMENT IN THE SOUTHERN STEPPE
OF UKRAINE
Introduction.
Successful work of the farmer consists primarily in obtaining
sustainable productivity of crops and preserving soil fertility – the most important and
unique natural resource and the main means of production and the basis of life of all
living things on Earth. It is the fertility of the soil and the conditions of management
that determine not only the amount of the grown crop, but also the indicators of its
quality, the state of the ecological environment. At the same time, in modern conditions
of the agricultural sector of Ukraine, there is an urgent need to restore natural
ecosystems, maintaining their biological balance at a level that will guarantee the
stability of the environment, protection of land from degradation, erosion and loss of
fertility.
The area of agricultural lands of Ukraine is one of the largest among the countries
of Europe, and their qualitative composition and biological productivity are the richest
in the world. We believe that in Ukraine is fertile soils dominate, but unfortunately,
recently we have seen their depletion, deterioration of basic properties, loss of
productive capacity. These negative changes are mentioned by the researchers of
Ukraine. After all, as academician of RAN H.V. Dobrovolskyi noted, the processes of
destruction and degradation of the ground cover are non-renewable and determine the
development of the ecological situation, which the scientist called a quiet crisis of the
planet [1].
Among the problems in the agricultural sector the most important one is to ensure
sustainable agriculture, increase its productivity by raising soil fertility and the ability
to form a guaranteed crop yield with high quality.
Results. In order to maintain soil fertility in the southern Steppe zone of Ukraine,
according to the results of research, 7-8 tons of organic and 80-100 kg of mineral
fertilizers should be applied to each hectare of agricultural land and, accordingly, 12-
15 tons and 240-260 kg - under irrigation conditions. Such a number of fertilizers in
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