Table 3 Influence of fertilizers and predecessors on grain yield of soriz, t/ha
Crop rotation chain
(factor A)
Feed backgrounds (factor B)
Without fertilizer
Straw + N
60
P
40
N
60
P
40
2004 2005 2006 2004 2005 2006 2004 2005 2006
pea – barley – soriz
4.26 3.18 3.30 5,29 4,41 4,50 5,42 4,55 4,61
sunflower-winter barley-soriz
4.05 2.98 3.11 5,00 4,09 4,16 5,14 4,22 4,28
corn- winter barley -soriz
4.06 3.01 3.13 5,17 4,23 4,30 5,27 4,33 4,40
winter barley-corn-soriz
3.95 2.88 3.02 4,92 3,93 4,12 5,12 4,16 4,24
winter wheat-sunflower-soriz
3.81 2.70 2.82 4,82 3,92 4,10 5,09 4,11 4,20
Factor B average
4.03 2.75 3.08 4,84 4,12 4,24 5,21 4,27 4,35
НІР
05
, t/ha
Factor A
Factor В
Interaction of factors АВ
2004
2005
2006
0.071
0.084
0.130
0.051
0.098
0.270
0.12
0.19
0.21
It should be noted that organo-mineral nutrition is much better even compared
with a mineral background that formed the indicators of quality of soriz grain: it
increases the content of protein, starch, total sugars, weight of 1000 grains and the like.
At the same time, as determined by us, in the aftereffect, the yield of subsequent crops,
which were placed after the cut in all parts of the crop rotation, for the joint use of straw
and mineral fertilizers was higher as compared to the control and background of
nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer.
Therefore, the basis of any system of crop production is crop rotation. It is the
leading part of the zonal system of agriculture and effective agroecological factor. At
the same time, in modern technologies of growing crops, the role of the predecessor is
decisive, since elements of the technology of growing the next crop depend on it.
Proper crop rotation allows the use of a rational system of fertilizer and soil treatment
on the basis of which during rotation to maintain optimal water and nutrient regimes
for plants to successfully clear the fields from weeds, pests and diseases, is much more
efficient to store and use the moisture, fertilizers and thus improve soil fertility for
minor expenses while using performance. We show this by the example of growing
winter crops on different predecessors (Fig. 1). These data illustrate the advantages of
black steam compared to corn and stubble predecessor.
When applying mineral fertilizers on the natural backgrounds of predecessors in
the recommended doses for the Steppe zone of Ukraine, grain yield increases
significantly, and more significantly for non-steam more depleted predecessors. Of
course, for obtaining the highest levels of grain yield, it is much more effective in this
field to use the reserves of accumulated soil moisture and precipitation of the growing
season, which is extremely important for the arid zone of the southern Steppe of
Ukraine. For the cultivation of crops in modern conditions of management and certain
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