In 1944, after the liberation of Ukraine, the restoration of activity of agricultural
scientific establishments began. In 1946 an Agricultural Department of the Academy
of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR was organized, which encompassed 5 newly created
institutes, including the Institute of Entomology and Phytopathology, later it was
reorganized into the Ukrainian Research Institute of Plant Protection (now the Institute
of Plant Protection of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences). It is Scientific and
Methodical Center for Plant Protection in Ukraine.
In the postwar period the country’s agriculture faced many problems connected
with the pests of sugar beet, cereals, vegetable crops, potatoes, forage grasses, garden
plants, and vineyards. Then there appeared new opportunities for improving the
protection measures connected with the introducing of the second generation of
insecticides – synthetic organic compounds of chlorine and phosphorus. The attention
was also paid to the breeding of pest-resistant crop varieties and using biological
means. A whole cohort of scientists from many scientific institutions, research stations
and higher educational institutions of the agrarian type worked over the problems of
plant protection [13, 16].
In the 50s and 60s the morphology, biology and plant protection measures from the
European brown mite, the European red mite, two-spotted spider mite, and other species
of mites were studied under the guidance of I.Z. Livshyts in the Nikitskyi Botanical
Garden. During that period the researches at the scientific institutions of Ukraine were
concentrated mainly on the questions of ecology of insects, methods of their accounting
and development of the theoretical bases and methods of forecasting the population
dynamics. The studies of economic thresholds of harmfulness, taxonomy and morphology
of insects were widely carried out at that period.
At Kharkiv State University under the direction of Professor O.O. Ustinov a
series of studies aimed at the ecologically substantiating measures to protect crops
from parasitic nematodes was carried out. The prominent works “The Root-Knot
Nematodes” (1959), “Nematode diseases of Agricultural Plants” (1957), “Stem Potato
Nematode” (1955) are worth to paid attention to. N.M. Ladyhina continued the work
of O.O. Ustinov with dignity [13, 16].
An important role in the development of ecological researches of insects belongs
to the Professor of Kyiv National University O.F. Kryshtal. He is known to the wide
scientific community as a talented organizer and a chairman of the organizing
committee of the four the All-Union Ecological Conferences that took place in Kyiv.
The first conference was held in 1940, the second one – in 1950. They were mainly
dedicated to the discussion of the actual problems of the laws of mass reproduction of
animals, including harmful insects, and its prediction. At the third (1954) and the fourth
(1962) conferences, in addition to the problem of the population dynamics, the laws of
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