the nutritional profiles of rations. Of particular interest is the increased need for mineral
elements for high-yielding birds.
The need of different types of poultry in microelements, the selection of
microelement salt and the quality of a mineral source are currently the areas that require
special attention. In addition, the biological availability of inorganic sources of
microelements is limited by natural factors, so it is important to study the role of
microelements from various organic sources to improve the availability of mineral
complexes in high-yielding birds.
Theoretical aspects of rationing Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu in feeding the chicken
broilers. In feeding farm birds, at the present stage of intensive poultry development,
feed the micro nutrients such as microelements, which play an important role in various
metabolic, fermentative and biochemical reactions, that eventually contribute to the
efficient production of egg and meat products, are one of the main elements of
nutrition. It is strange enough, but a certain part of the microelements contained in the
nutrient feeds plays a very important role in the complex mechanism of metabolism of
nutrients in the bodies of birds. Lack or excess of any of these vitally important
microelements leads to a number of nutritional disorders, metabolic disorders in the
body, lowering the rate of growth and body development, reducing reproductive
function (decreased egg productivity) and inefficient use of feeds.
Vitally necessary microelements function as a component of large organic
molecules. It is common knowledge that Iron is a part of hemoglobin and cytochrome,
and Iodine is a part of thyroxine. The function of Copper, Manganese, Selenium and
Zinc is an important coenzyme for enzymes. If any of these microelements becomes
scarce in the birds’ ration, then the functional activity of its organic component will be
reduced.
The need for essential microelements is often compensated by the concentration
contained in conventional feeds. However, due to the use of plant resources, which are
collected in different biogeochemical provinces, rations may contain a lack of certain
microelements, and the collected plants differ in their digestibility. In connection with
the development of intensive poultry farming, domestic ration for farm birds requires
adequate supply of vital microelements.
Due to the annual increase in the poultry stock, a serious technological burden on
the environment exists. Therefore, one of the methods to improve the existing
ecologically safe processes is the use of organic sources of microelements. However,
due to their high cost in the market, compared with the cost of inorganic minerals, the
share of producers of full-ration mixed feeds and premixes is decreasing rather slowly.
In the case of strengthening the certain standards for the content of heavy metals in
farm bird manure, the use of organic sources of microelements in bird rations will be
one of the alternatives to the implementation of such standards.
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