breeding experiment P.P. Litun, N.V. Proskurin, T.I. Goptsyy [3]. There were
conducted phenological observations: marked the beginning and full shoots, the
beginning and full flowering, the beginning and full ripening [8]. The experimental
data were processed by methods of the variational and correlation analysis [2].
The Shannon index was used to evaluate the intraspecies and interspecies varieties
of vigna which allows us to estimate the heterogeneity of the populations. It is an
information indicator that does not depend on the nature of the distribution with a small
number of gradations of the sign, gives an idea of the structural diversity of the system
(species, populations, etc.), almost not sensitive to the sample size. Calculated
according to the formula [11]:
=
−
=
S
i
i
i
p
р
Н
1
'
)
ln
(
where H’ is the index of the Shannon variety; S – the number of all gradations of
a certain sign in the general vigna collecting samples; p
i
– the frequency of
manifestation of the gradation of a sign in a vigna of a certain sample.
The Shannon index is widely used in the study of the species diversity of
biocenoses [10] and the genetic diversity of plant organisms [5; 13; 14].
The maximum possible value of the Shannon index for each sign is calculated by
the formula:
S
Н
ln
'
max
=
To eliminate the influence of the number of gradations of the sign on the value of
H’, the Piel equation index was calculated [12]:
'
max
'
H
H
E=
The value of E varies from 0 to 1, with E = 1 with a uniform distribution of the
characteristic in the population.
Research results.
Variability of the collection samples for the duration of the
growing season.
The length of the growing season is one of the key factors that
determines the adaptability of the culture to the ecological and climatic conditions of
the region.
In different cultures this indicator makes it possible to determine the
prospects of cultivating different species in certain climatic conditions [7].
The
duration of the individual phenological phases, that are components of the growing
season, determines the direction of the use of a certain biotype [1].
Thus, the forms
with a long phase of vegetative growth can be used to create vegetable varieties.
The
decorative direction requires the attraction of genotypes with a time-stretched phase of
flowering.
The grain forms should have a short growing season to ensure the timely
formation and ripening of seeds.
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