spectra thus confirms the formation of nanoparticles. The NPs obtained by plasma
discharges were centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 5 min. The dried powders were then used
for further characterization.
Figure 1. The circuit diagram and photo discharge of the installation for plasma-
chemical treatment of water solutions: 1 – reactor; 2, 3 – electrodes; 4 – vacuum
gauge; 5 – crane; 6 – pump; 7 – filtering elements; 8 – switch; 9 – voltmeter; 10 –
ammeter; 11 – firearm transformer; 12 – switch; 13 – voltage transformer
Results and discussion. The application of plasma discharges of different
methods of generation is an innovative, environmentally safe and promising method of
synthesizing silver nanodispersions. The efficiency of using the contact
nonequilibrium low-temperature plasma in comparison with the conventional method
of chemical reduction in solutions and photochemical deposition is investigated.
Plasma-chemical synthesis of silver nanodispersions from water AgNO
3
solutions
without the use of additional reducing reagents and in the presence of sodium alginate
stabilizing reagent is carried out. It is found that the yield of silver nanoparticles in the
plasma-chemical synthesis is 95.10-97.17 %. The obtained data are obtained by the
chemical reduction method in solutions (93.9 %) and photochemical deposition (20.0
%). Table 1 shows the yield of silver nanoparticles depending on the synthesis method.
The thermodynamics and kinetics analysis of the plasmochemical formation of
silver nanoparticles is performed. The thermodynamics analysis is made on the basis
of calculation of the Gibbs free energy of formation of silver nanoparticles in an
aqueous medium by various methods. It was found that the Gibbs free energy in
aqueous solutions increases with decreasing size of silver particles. Based on
- 1390 -