position of this cluster. If there is any potential for growth of sales in Market 1, then
more supplies and income go to Enterprise 1 causing the increase in demand for raw
materials satisfied by two ways: increasing output of Enterprise 2 or decreasing sales
in Market 2. We understand that the increase of output of Enterprise 2 requires
additional investment in circulating capital. The necessary investments come either
from Enterprises 1 and 2, or Enterprise 3.
For example, if Enterprises 2 and 3 pay for the development of a whole company:
increased sales in Market 2 provokes the growth of income of Enterprise 2 with the
stable income of the main Enterprise 1. As a result, free financial resources are invested
in Enterprise 3. Such investments can be used to enhance competitive positions in
Market 3 generating additional income for Enterprise 3 and cause capital gain for the
whole company.
If market conditions worsens for the key products then company’s main task is to
maintain stable functioning and appropriate level of income. The rate of return for
Enterprise 1 can decline due to decrease in demand, growth in prices of suppliers,
intensification of competition. This case require the help for the main Enterprise from
Enterprises 2 and 3. It causes the decrease in demand for raw materials and increase in
sales in Market 2, and redistribution of products between internal and market suppliers
resulting in increase of income for Enterprise 2. This growth partially compensates the
decline in income for Enterprise 1. Enterprises 2 and 3 maintain the appropriate level
of income for the whole cluster. If market conditions worsen in Market 1, then
Enterprise 1 faces hardships. This case require additional financial support from
Enterprises 2 and 3 guaranteeing stability and solvency of the main business.
We apply the integral diversification indicator
d
I
consisting of three
components: product range
a
I
, value
c
I
, technological
t
I
. The product range
component of diversification (
a
I
) reflects the quantity of types of products within
one or several market sectors. We estimate the value component (
c
I
) as a root mean
square deviation of relative features of unit cost of production of each product
considering its share in a product range. The technological component (
t
I
) is the ratio
of quantity of technologically improved equipment to the total quantity of types of
equipment.
We apply the cube root to evaluate the level of diversification (
3
d
a
c
t
I
I
I
I
=
), used to conduct investment analysis of production
programs of expanding product range implementing diversification.
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