literature data [5]. Seaweed contains a small amount of fat, but they are rich in minerals
and protein.
An important indicator of the biological value of proteins is the correspondence
of the content of essential amino acids to an ideal protein. Assessment of this indicator
is given in Table 10.
Table 10 Assessment of correspondence of amino acid composition of seaweed
proteins to an ideal protein according to the FAO/WHO scale, g/100 g of protein
n=5, p≤0.05
Amino acid
Biologically active additives
Control, g/100
of protein
kelp
fucus
spirulina
cystoseira
Valine
3.21
4.22
5.27
3.05
5.00
Isoleucine
2.55
3.21
5.21
1.75
4.00
Leucine
4.68
5.82
7.53
3.17
7.00
Methionine + Cystine
1.69
1.35
3.14
1.21
3.50
Threonine
3.88
4.89
5.13
4.47
4.00
Phenylalanine + Tyrosine
2.85
1.46
4.98
4.19
6.00
Tryptophan
2.86
3.76
4.28
2.25
5.50
Total
21.72
24.71
35.54
20.09
36.0
The data of Table 10 show that seaweed proteins contain all essential amino acids.
Among the samples of seaweed tested, their high content has a biologically active
spirulina additive.
Nutritional value of seaweed is conditioned by a low content of protein, fat and a
fairly high content of minerals that prevail in seaweed and characterizes their
nutritional value. It is known that minerals play an important role in the human body.
They are contained in protoplasm and biological fluids, they facilitate providing
stability of osmotic pressure, which is a necessary condition for normal vital activity
of cells and tissues [6, 7].
Macro and microelements are parts of such important organic compounds as
hemoglobin, enzymes, hormones; serve as plastic material for construction of osseous
and dental tissue; they take part in the transmission of nerve impulses in the ionic state;
provide blood clotting, fulfil important functions in many physiological processes of
the body. The lack or excess of any minerals in nutrition causes disorder in metabolism
of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, leads to the development of a number of
different diseases [8-10].
The results of a study of the mineral composition of seaweed and their compliance
with 10% of the adequate level of consumption, for determining possibility of their use
as functional ingredients are given in Table 11.
Analysis of the data showed that seaweeds are rich in potassium and are able to
fill from 2.9 to 53.6% of the daily need for this element. Most of it was found in
laminaria and cystoseira – 1340.3 and 1006.0 mg, respectively.
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