hardening, it is necessary to treat them with a relaxation stabilizing in order to eliminate
the risk of brittle failure and deformation aging.
To sum up the specific features of the technology for manufacturing steel products
hardened by cold deformation, we can conclude that they basically consist of the
following:
1)
the specifics of technological hardening operations and their parameters;
2)
the close tie of the technological hardening operation with the forming of the
finished products;
3)
the combination of the deformation technological operations of hardening and
softening and their sequence in the "structural content" of the technological softening
operation;
4)
the new metal physics of forming of the structural state of products hardened
by cold deformation;
5)
the use of the new type of hardening (vacancy hardening), that result not in
hardening and ductility reduction, but on the contrary, in increasing the technological
ductility.
The nature of the technological operations and equipment for their
implementation in the technologies for manufacturing steel products hardened by cold
deformation, based on the new metal physical principles, can be represented as follows
(Table 1).
Based on the new principles for manufacturing steel products hardened by cold
deformation, several variants of the corresponding technological schemes were
developed:
Variant І:
1) acceptance testing of the billet; 2) active cold deformation of the billet
according to a single scheme; 3) cyclic deformation; 4) active cold deformation with
manufacturing a finished product according to the deformation of the billet scheme; 5)
cyclic deformation of the cold-worked product; 6) final testing of the properties and
product certification.
Variant ІІ:
is similar to the variant I except for the technological operation 2), when the active
cold deformation is carried out by interchanging the deformation schemes in a certain
sequence.
Variant ІІІ:
is similar to the variant І, but with a combination of the 2) and 3) technological
operations in one 2-3, when active cold deformation and cyclic deformation of the billet
are carried out simultaneously.
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