()
()
()
()
+
−
+
=
+
=
d
s
f
f
i
t
f
t
f
i
t
f
t
f
1
,
,
,
,
*
,
(3)
where t is a temperature of the liquid, °C; f is a frequency of electromagnetic field,
Hz; ε
∞
(f, t) is a dielectric permeability of the polar liquid at infinite frequency.
During measurements, the Debye equation is divided into real and imaginary parts
and they are calculated separately by the following equations:
()
2
1
+
−
+
=
d
s
f
f
f
(4)
()
(
)
2
1
+
−
=
d
d
s
f
f
f
f
f
(5)
From the equations, we obtain the value of the relaxation frequency f
d
and the
statistical dielectric constant ε
s
, which clearly characterize the state of the water in the
system.
(
)
−
=
f
f
d
(6)
()
(
)
2
−
+
=
s
(7)
According to the value of the dielectric relaxation frequency of water molecules
f
d
, the structure of free water molecules in the solution is judged, since the reduction of
the relaxation frequency means more ordered water structure.
The statistical dielectric constant ε
s
characterizes the absorption of the field energy
by matter by zero frequency (f
0
). It is related to the effect of hydration of substances h,
which is found from the dependence:
(
)
M
c
h
s
0
0
1000
−
=
,
(8)
where
0
is statistical dielectric permeability of water at f
0;
М is molar
concentration of matter.
Determination of the surface tension of solutions of structure-formers and sugar
was carried out by stalagmometric method [9]. The diameter of the capillary in the
stalagmometer is 0.86 mm. In the experiment, the number of droplets was determined
at the dilution of the standard liquid (water), n
0
, and the number of drops at the dilution
of the test liquid, n. Surface tension
0
, J / m
2
, was calculated by the formula:
0
0
0
d
n
d
n
=
,
(9)
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