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R&D/GDP intensity. The value of the R&D/GDP intensity index in Ukraine is at the
extremely low level and, in such circumstances, continues to decline in the overall
dynamics for the last 7 years (fig. 9).

Figure 9. Dynamics of R&D/GDP in Ukraine by year

(constructed according to the data [12])

For comparison: in 2014, R&D/GDP intensity was above 3% in the EU Members

States: Finland (3,17%), Sweden (3,16%) and Denmark (3,08%); above average (1%)
– in Belgium (2,46%), Slovenia (2,39%) and France (2,26%); below average – in
Romania (0,38%), and Cyprus (0,47%). In 2014 as against 2004, R&D/GDP intensity
grew in twenty four EU Members States [12]. On the contrary, according to the data of
fig. 7, R&D/GDP intensity of Ukraine has decreased by 25% only for the last 3 years
(from 2014 to 2017).

It is known that the more investments are made in scientific developments, the

faster the country’s GDP grows. In other words, the growth index of R&D/GDP
intensity should outpace the GDP index itself, which cannot be said about Ukraine.
The diagram shows the significant increase in the gap between these two indicators for
the period of 2014-2017 (fig. 10).

Figure 10. Dynamics of changes in indices of the growth of GDP and

R&D/GDP intensity of Ukraine by year (constructed according to the data [12])

The data and facts cited above testify not only to the decline in labor and human

potentials of society, but also to the loss of the value of human capital, which confirms
the existence of destructive processes in their dynamics, such as: depopulation,
degradation and negative migration. And, as some authors rightly note [5], there is an

0,723

0,631

0,646

0,673

0,598

0,553

0,483

0,449

0,400

0,500

0,600

0,700

0,800

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

1,204

1,081

1,044

1,042

1,253

1,200

1,251

0,872

1,023

1,043

0,888

0,926

0,874

0,928

0,800

0,900

1,000

1,100

1,200

1,300