5) "extreme" - a critical condition of the economic system, characterized by
significant scales of events, the maximum level of social tension with large-scale public
events (strikes, massive violations of law and order and unrest), which reflect the social
explosion - the most acute reaction of the population as a result of dissatisfaction with
the basic needs.
As the experience of the study of socio-economic tension in societies shows, in
determining its level it is necessary to take into account more subjective moments, such
as [20]:
1. People's thoughts about their attitude to the events that are taking place in the
process of transforming society; expectations, probability of solving problems
affecting the interests of the population; assessment of the degree of satisfaction of the
needs of the population; level of trust in social institutions and power structures;
2. Level of satisfaction with life in general, work; financial position; level of stay
in a state of comfort or discomfort;
3. Assessment of the effectiveness of the government's government, education,
health, and the functioning of public institutions.
The algorithm for conducting a study of the state of socio-economic tensions may
have the following form (Fig. 4).
However, it should be noted that social tension is difficult to investigate, since the
available methods for its evaluation are based on the identification of socio-
psychological and behavioral characteristics with the use of expert evaluation and
social research methods.
The research has proved that the basis of various transformations is the socio-
economic factor, which dictates the choice of the model of transformation and its type,
namely [21, p. 172 - 174]:
the convergence model, which is dominated by inertia, graduality, is dominated
by evolutionary changes over the revolutionary, and in the area of resource allocation,
the role of centralized state control over market self-regulation and local monopolistic
development continues to be recognized. However, based on the nature of the socio-
economic situation in the country, this model can provide both steady growth and rapid
economic growth for some decades (for example, there is China) or vice versa -
stagnation and disintegration (as in the USSR at the end of 80-90 years of the past
century);
a state-corporate model characterized by a more radical distribution of power and
dominated by local monopolistic control, resource allocation regulation, corporate and
private ownership, and the maximum level of corporate competition development.
Under such a pattern of development and the weakness of the institutional system,
inflation and stagnation in the state are rapidly occurring, while the expected social
transformations remain at a minimum - to provide insignificant stability and support
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