classical liberalism advocates such ideas as the absolute human value, his rights and
freedoms, the rule of law and civil society, the state’s non-interference in the economic
and social spheres, the free market and cosmopolitanism. Social liberalism is based on
J. Keynes’s ideas and understands the state as an institution of universal welfare and
prosperity. This approach is close to European Social Democracy in its content. In turn,
neoliberalism is based on M. Friedman and F. Hayek’s research. Representatives of
this area criticize the state regulation of the economy as an ineffective economic, that
generates disorder and corruption, defends the full privatization and market’s self-
regulators ideas [4, с.128-129].
There are three established scientific and legal constructions: "German model of
the social and legal state" (conservative-corporatists model), the "Swedish model"
(social-democratic model) and the "American model" (liberal model).
According to G. Esping-Andersen's classification, modern states have proposed
three possible types of reaction to global change. In the Social-Democratic Social
States (Sweden), attempts were made to maintain loyalty to the welfare policy through
the jobs’ creation in the public sector. The governments of these countries are trying to
make an attempt to adapt the social state’s basic directions to the changing economic
characteristics of the economy management in the socio-economic globalization’s
context.
However, today there are increasing doubts about the viability of "Swedish" way
for solving the social state’s classical principles and activity methods’ adaptation
problem in the modern conditions on a long-term basis.
As for the liberal model of a social state, which currently operates in the USA, the
state deregulation idea is actively being implemented there.
A conservative-corporatist approach can be the third model’s example that was
implemented in Germany, where working places in non-productive sectors were
eliminated and, in fact, the increasing unemployment strategy was chosen, in which
funds are used to invest in high-performing industries and enterprises [5, p.198-201].
As we see, the social state activity models vary not only in form but also in
understanding both the mechanisms of the state of welfare ensuring and the social state
developing ways a in the face of radical changes in the world political, economic, social
and legal space.
Despite all of these models’ differences, certain common features that reveal the
social assistance essence provided by the state can be distinguished. In particular,
assistance is provided if the income received is lower than the officially recognized
poverty line or assets are below a certain minimum. In addition, it is intended to cover
the difference between the poverty line and the real income for all who need help.
The state of welfare formation is proved to be a significant social achievement of
the world civilization in the 20th century. It became a significant factor contributing to
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