CONCLUSION
Consequently, the breed of cows is an important factor in the economic efficiency
of dairy cattle-breeding. Due to the long intensive selection work on cattle breeds, the
milk productivity of cows in developed livestock countries has reached levels of 8.0-
10.0 thousand kg and more for 305 days of lactation.
The number of cows in breeding farms for 2006-2016 has decreased by 48
thousand head, or by 27%. In the breeding structure of pedigree dairy cattle, animals
of Ukrainian Black and White Dairy (53.2%), Ukrainian Red and White Dairy (19.8%)
and Holstein breeds (14.4%) prevail.
The economic potential of dairy cattle depends on the observance of optimal
parameters of intensive growing, live weight and age of heifers during the first
insemination. In the studied herds, the growth and development rates of a third of the
repair heifers do not meet the minimum requirements of the approved standard
breeding dairy cattle breeding. In the herds of Ukrainian Black and White Dairy only
17.6% of the total farms provide intensive rearing of heifers.
The highest level of dairy productivity of the first-calf heifers (above 8,0 thousand
kg of milk for 305 days of lactation) was achieved in herds, where the average daily
gain of heifers in the age of 0-12 months was brought to the level of 820-850 g, where
the increase in the efficiency of milk production will be ensured by reducing the
unproductive costs of maintaining young stock and increasing the net income from the
sale of larger quantities of milk.
The introduction of the technological solutions for industrial milk production in
the conditions of large-scale farms of Ukraine provides for improvement of
physiological indicators of health and reproductive capacity of cows, the growth of
quantitative indicators of their productivity, reduction of expenses of resources for
production in natural and monetary terms, increase of feed conversion, which provides
increase in profitability of the industry.
The further development of breeding farms for specialized breeds of dairy cattle-
breeding should be aimed at creating economically profitable animals and introducing
innovative technologies for their maintenance, feeding and use.
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES
1. The Global Dairy Sector: Facts. Retrieved from: https://www.fil-idf.org/wp-
content/uploads/2016/12/FAO-Global-Facts-1.pdf [in English].
2.
Statistics:
Dairy
cows.
Retrieved
from:
https://www.ciwf.org.uk/media/5235182/Statistics-Dairy-cows.pdf [in English].
3. 2016 World Dairy. Situation Report. Bulletin of the International Dairy
Federation. Retrieved from: http://www.idfa.org/docs/default-source/d-news/world-
dairy-situationsample.pdf [in English].
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