reality of the functioning and development of the enterprise and defines the principles
of management. Stability of value orientations ensures the continuity of a particular
model of enterprise behavior in the context of the target environment relevant to its
activities.
Typologization of approaches to value-based enterprise management. As a
result of working out literary sources, the author outlines modern scientific approaches
to the value-based enterprise management, the content of which is presented below in
the text.
Cost approach. His origins are tied up with the writings of A. Rappaport and B.
Stewart, published in the 1980s and 1990s. The authors researched the problems of
ensuring the interests of shareholders, focusing on maximizing the value of business
for its owners. In this context, the activities of stakeholders are associated with such
standard financial indicators as the size of the company's cash flows and the risks of
activities that are reflected in the price of capital. Such a context led to an understanding
of the essence of value-based management as a long-term planning, the basis of which
is the strategic goal of increasing the cost of the enterprise.
T. Copeland defines value-oriented management as an approach to management
in which the overall target orientation of an enterprise, analytical techniques and
management processes is aimed at helping the company maximize its value by focusing
management decisions on key value creation factors [10, p.93]. D. Volkov proposes to
consider value-based management as an integrated management system based on four
key blocks: strategy, corporate governance, finance, evaluation [11].
It is worth pointing out that the concept of VBM means basically that the value
of the enterprise is not managed, but rather vice versa: valuation is the basis for
management.
At the beginning of the XXI century the concentration of the concept of VBM
exclusively on the value of equity has become subject to criticism, the key arguments
of which are as follows:
- the value of business should be measured not only by the benefits it brings to
the owners, but also the combination of financial performance of the company and its
value for society;
- focusing only on the financial benefits of the owners of the corporation leads to
ignoring the non-financial aspects of business in the social sphere, in the field of
environmental protection, in the field of business ethics.
Scientists point out that this approach did not provide companies with competitive
advantages, even on the basis of expanding economic aspects of management. This
actualizes the need for such a management tool that would reveal the market potential
of the company, taking into account the social aspects of its activities.
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