In the general mechanism of public regulation, it is possible to identify separate
components that differ in forms and methods of influence, favour certain instruments
and levers.
There are differences in the definition of the nature of the category of "forms of
public regulation" and their classification among specialists. Thus, some consider the
main form of the state's influence on the socio-economic development of economic
policy, which forms the fundamental directions of economic growth and is
implemented in the form of anti-cyclical (anti-crisis), structural, investment,
amortization, scientific and technical, price, fiscal, foreign economic, social,
ecological, regional policy [10, p. 41]. Undoubtedly, economic system influences
financial processes in the state, because it defines goals, tasks, desirable directions of
economic development. But this is not enough to achieve the goal, requires a variety
of regulatory actions that will ensure the impact on different components of the national
economy.
A more concrete but too narrow approach among scientists, which most essential
forms of public regulation of the economy consider planning, forecasting and
programming [11, p. 79]. It is impossible to agree with such a classification because
predicting, programming and planning is a chain of successive steps in developing
plans. The authors themselves note about a prediction that it can be used as an
independent form of regulation or as a planning stage. They also indicate the financial
and credit system, monetary policy, anti-monopoly law, and deregulation (balancing
between market and government regulation) among the forms of influence.
The most acceptable definition and classification of forms of public regulation of
the economy (PRE) are provided by scientists who consider the types of PRE - general
directions of management of social and economic processes. The primary forms of
influence they consider: budget-tax, theft-money, administrative-economic and pricing
[8, p. 35].
The detailed content of these functions allows us to choose the most suitable forms
of PRE for various components of the national economy. Undoubtedly, all of the above
ways should be used at the national level. Moreover, financial regulation, which
provides for the provision of a stable national currency for the economy to monitor
monetary and inflationary control, currency regulation, and, if necessary, the issue of
money, regulation of the activities of their commercial banks, etc., is the prerogative
of national control.
When regulating the development of branches of the national economy, it is
possible to use administrative and economic, price, fiscal and tax forms of influence.
For the regional level, special attention is paid to the budget-tax and
administrative-economic forms of PRE.
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