innovations characterize changes in the methods of formation and realization of tourist
services, providing updating of tourist product; product innovation determines the new
types of services that serve as the basis of the batch product.
Thus, creating an innovative tourism product as a fundamentally new product for
a regional or global market, the cruise shipping company realizes the basic strategic
goals of finding long-term competitive advantages.
The active market behavior of the cruise shipping company today is determined
not only by the service concept aimed at managing the quality parameters of the tourist
services of the cruise product, but also by the provisions of the logistic, client-oriented,
integration concepts, knowledge management concepts, which accumulate the key
tools in the management of the enterprise. On this basis, we assume that the
improvement of the quality parameters of services and the process of their provision is
due to the introduction of various types of innovations by cruise shipping companies;
a synergistic effect is achieved through the introduction of innovations, the qualitative
parameters of the cruise tourism product are increasing, moving to a new higher level.
The cruise shipping company's activity determines the direction of all innovations
for the formation of a cruise tourism product as a complex of services that combines
transport, hotel and tourist components. Accordingly, taking into account the
peculiarities of the organization of work in the service sector, the cruise shipping
company's innovation is principally focused on optimizing the processes of formation
and implementation of cruise tourism product.
In order to effectively manage the innovation processes of a cruise shipping
company, it is necessary to clarify the classification of innovations (Table 3).
Table 3 Classification of cruise shipping navigation innovations
Feature
Types of innovations
By content and scope
Product, technological, managerial, process innovation,
resource, conceptual, institutional, logistic, marketing
By location in the production process
The main product and technological, auxiliary products
and technological
By the role in the production process
Consumer, investment
By service orientation
(types of service innovations)
Ordinary (focused on improving quality), client-
oriented, service-dominant,
on the basis of cooperation
By the nature of the changes
(degree of novelty)
Radical, incremental, improving, modified
By the nature of the impact on the
market and technological capabilities of
the enterprise
Architectural, revolutionary, niche, regular
By degree of prevalence
Single, diffusive
By scale of distribution
Local, branch, global
By the causes of occurrence
Reactive (adaptive), strategic
By purpose
Crisis innovation, innovation development
Source: based on 7, 8, 9]
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