problems of economic safety of the state, taking into account the current economic
situation. Despite these shortcomings, the Concept is the first document in the history
of independent Ukraine, which approved the imperatives to ensure the unity of the
principles of formation and implementation of the state policy of national safety as a
mandatory sign of the existence, self-preservation and progressive development of
Ukraine as a sovereign state. The Law of Ukraine "On the Fundamentals of National
Security of Ukraine" was supplemented with an updated list of threats in the economic
sphere; the threats in the scientific and technological sphere were identified separately
by the legislator, which, in our opinion, needs to be considered solely on the side of
economic discourse, because the key aspect of the economic development of the
modern world is knowledge, information and technology.
Taking into account the established scientific views on the components of
economic safety, we consider it appropriate to distinguish among the potential threats
in accordance with the original elements of the ecosystem.
In our opinion, the actualization of the threats to the national and constituent
economic safety requires periodic review, as an element of the preventive mechanism
of the sustainability of any economic unit. Within the national economy, the discovery
of "critical infrastructure" should be carried out annually and be a subject to general
disclosure. For these reasons, we consider that there is the obvious need to remove the
list of threats established by the law, mentioned in Art. 7.
A number of unresolved macroeconomic problems are reflected in the Strategy of
National Security of Ukraine [10], approved by the Decree of the President of Ukraine
dated May 26, 2015, No. 287/2015. Key accents of the provisions of this regulation are
focused not only on actualization of threats, but, in fact, on the establishment of a
mechanism to counteract destabilizing factors at the expense of the three components:
preparation, deterrence, and protection. The main source of threats in the economic
sphere according to the legislator includes the economic crisis, the depletion of
financial resources of the state, lower living standards, which in its turn caused:
- monopoly-oligarchic, low-tech, resource-cost economic model;
- absence of clearly defined strategic goals, priority directions and tasks of socio-
economic, military-economic and scientific-technical development of Ukraine, as well
as effective mechanisms of concentration of resources for the achievement of such
goals;
- high level of "shadowing" and criminalization of the national economy,
criminal-clan system of distribution of public resources;
- deformed state regulation and corrupt pressures on business;
- excessive dependence of the national economy on foreign markets;
- ineffective government debt management;
- reduction of household welfare and increase of unemployment;
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