In the period between 2007 and 2012 only foreign partners had invested around
500 contracts worth about 42 billion euros compared with 200 PPP contracts worth a
total of 30 billion euros, concluded in the rest of Europe during the same period.
According to the British government, there are up to 80 new deals on hundreds of
millions of pounds annually, which provides up to 17% savings for the country's budget
[13].
It is noteworthy that in 2012 the PFI model was transformed into PF2 by the
Government of the United Kingdom [14]. Relevant reforms of the "New Approach to
Public-Private Partnerships" included: 1) participation of the government as a co-
investor of a smaller share of capital in future projects, strengthening public-private
partnerships, and increasing transparency of projects; 2) reduction of the term of the
competition stage to 18 months; 3) removing soft services from projects, increasing the
flexibility, transparency and efficiency of services.
It should, however, be noted that the Scottish Government no longer uses PFI or
new models of PF2 as a procurement method. New Scottish projects are procured for
a nonprofit distribution model.
It should be noted that: firstly, the uniqueness of the PFP system (PFI, PF2) in the
United Kingdom is as follows: 1) the limited legal framework; 2) the administration of
PPP projects (PFIs) is carried out within the Treasury of the United Kingdom mainly
by the Ministry of Finance or its structural units, including with the participation of the
business; 3) if PPP projects (PFIs) are a joint initiative of the state and the private
sector, then the management of these projects should be based on a parity basis; 4) the
existence of differences in the organizational and legal provision of national and local
public-private partnership projects; 5) a high level of freedom and autonomy in the
implementation of projects at the level of local self-government; 6) publishing in the
open access the content of PPP agreements (PFI), information on the progress of their
implementation, which makes possible control of the society for their implementation);
7) the long-term nature of such projects - a private partner, having completed the
construction, reconstruction or modernization of the facility, and continues to operate
it over time (25-50 years); 8) the PFI-project of the United Kingdom is based on a
contractual structure that provides for the conclusion of a Project Agreement with a
special project organization (SPO), created exclusively to provide this project with the
appropriate infrastructure without the right to participate in other projects; 9) projects
costing less than 20 million pounds do not include PFI, but such small projects can be
combined to justify the cost and timing required for their implementation by the PFI
model.
Secondly, due to the social orientation of the PPP projects (including), the United
Kingdom has for many years been among the top ten countries in terms of social
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