(catchment basins, river systems, water and swamp lands, soils, forests and species),
which provides various services: supply of raw materials, supply and cleaning water
resources, waste disposal, improving fertility and combating soil erosion, carbon
storage and others. In Ukraine, investment to environmental infrastructure and its use
within the assimilative potential of ecosystems will contribute to the preservation of
the natural capital as the basic source of "green" economic development.
Intra- and inter-sectoral transformations can be successfully demonstrated as a use
of energy crops, agricultural waste, manufacturing industry and communal utilities as
raw materials for biogas production. Such technology reduces fossil fuels
consumption, combined with the possibility of producing electricity and heat for the
needs of local communities. The obtained organic fertilizers increase crop yield by 30-
50%, methane capture reduces greenhouse gas emissions and the need for motor fuels
too.
Interdisciplinarity of the chosen subject stipulates use of systematic and
synergetic approaches to the analysis of transformational changes in economy in the
direction of self-organization of complex systems. The fundamental principle of self-
organization are random deviations (fluctuations) of system elements, which are
depressed by negative feedbacks [Haken 2014]. Self-organization occurs in the case of
predominance of positive feedbacks on the negative ones. The effective combination
of negative and positive feedback mechanisms was found to contribute positively to
ensure the needs of different population groups in Ukraine.
Figure 2 shows the possible scenarios of transformation changes in the housing
sector in Ukraine. According to the previous estimates [27], its investment potential of
energy savings is 100 bln. EUR.
On its Web site, State Agency on Energy Efficiency and Energy Saving of
Ukraine states that a partial refund of attracted credit funds for the purchase of energy
efficient materials and equipment by issuing "warm" loans was implemented. As of
23.01.2017, the amount of loans granted to individuals and condominiums to replace
boilers and purchase energy-efficient equipment and materials was $101.21 million.
According to regional distribution, Lviv, Kiev and Sumy regions are among leaders
[28].
"Greening" the housing stock in Ukraine is complicated by the low paying
capacity of the population and existing social standards. Continuous use of negative
feedbacks contributes to the housing stock "conservation", while use only positive
feedbacks may cause its "loosening" and increase of social tension. Therefore, the
"green" course of Ukraine's economic development should include a combination of
both mechanisms to form effective environment of "green" growth.
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