There are such elements of the territorial structure of "green" economy in Ukraine
as the Ukrainian Technology Transfer Network (UTTN), Ukrainian Integrated System
of Technology Transfer (UISTT) and National Scientific and Technological Platform
"Green Economy". There are a plenty of powerful clusters and small ecovillages,
conceptual basics of ECOPOLIS project in the Sumy region have been developed.
Another "green" growth point in Ukraine can be manufacture of machinery and
equipment for renewable energy and agriculture. Ukraine has a strong technological
and personnel potential in the production of cogeneration facilities, equipment for
solar, wind and geothermal power plants, plants to produce bioethanol. This "green"
growth point can be used with partial involvement of foreign producers, which
significantly lowers the cost of such investment decisions.
Empirical analysis of the assessment of the potential of «green» economy in
Ukraine. Today the energy intensity of the Ukrainian economy is very high and
decreasing this intensity is considered a priority. This indicator is 3–4 times higher than
in developed countries. In Ukraine, half of the main fund of industry has worn out. This
in turn has caused an increasing number of environmental accidents. Such a high level
of energy intensity is due to energy-intensive structure of the national production, and
to the level of moral and physical depreciation of basic production assets. Also,
Ukraine is energy dependent upon imported energy, because of insufficiency of its own
resources.
For example, the ecological footprint (the total number of ecologically productive
area required to sustain consumption of the population calculated on the basis of the
yield) of Ukraine was 3.12 hectares per person in 2012 and 2.70 in 2014 according to
the World Wildlife Fund. After the global economic crisis, the consumption in Ukraine
had reduced and the ecological footprint became lower.
This indicator exceeded the biological capacity of the territory, which can actually
be activated to maintain the life of the population of Ukraine (1.7 hectares/person). In
other words, Ukraine needs 1.9 times more territory than is available by its natural
factors. Ukraine is in the 51st place in the world out of 149 countries. For comparison
let’s examine data for other countries: The United States – 9.7 hectares/person (the
biological capacity – 4.7 hectares/person, is exceeded by 2.1 times); Canada – 7.6
(14.5, reserve – 1.9 times); France – 5.6 (3.0, the deficit for 1.9 times); Russian 4.4
(6.9, reserve – 1.6 times) (Sustainable, 2014).
Today Ukraine's economy, is also dependent on exports of natural resources and
has seen dramatic fluctuations of commodity prices. Replacement of old and worn-out
industrial infrastructure of the country has to take place in the next 20 years, in order
to achieve more efficient use of resources.
Managing the state of a region as an open dynamic system requires constant
monitoring of compliance with the main parameters of its development within certain
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