intervals. In the context of sustainable development, these parameters can be
considered standards that cannot be violated, so they have to be constantly monitored.
The list of indicators necessary to determine the integral indicator cannot be constant
and should be adjusted when trends or development factors change.
Table 2 Ecological footprint and biocapacity of the countries and region
Country, region
Global hectares per capita
Biocapacity
Ecological
footprint
Ecological deficit
(-) or reserve (+)
Worldwide average
2.1
2.7
- 0.6
Hight income countries
3.7
6.4
-2.7
Middle income countries
2.2
2.2
0.0
Low income countries
0.9
1.0
- 0.1
European Union average
2.3
4.7
- 2.4
Denmark
5.7
8.0
-2.3
Finland
11.7
5.2
+ 6.5
Latvia
7.0
3.5
+ 3.5
Lithuania
4.2
3.2
+1.0
Ukraine
2.4
2.7
- 0.3
Australia
15.4
7.8
+ 7.6
New Zealand
14.1
7.7
+ 6.4
Source: designed by the author, using 8, 9
Based on existing scientific research and available statistical data, we proposed a
three-level system of indicators. The first level consists of 50 basic representative
indicators characterizing the development of the region. The second – with three
integrated indicators of the state of the subsystems of the region, comprehensively
reflecting their changes. The third, formed from the second level indicators, is a
composite indicator – the index of environmentally sustainable development of the
region (I), which generalizes the development of the region as a whole.
Calculations were carried out by standardization procedures primary indicators of
the first level from -1 to 1 with the formation of averages indicators of environmental,
social and economic subsystems and their synthesis value – the index of sustainable
development of the region (I).
ij
i
ij
i
ij
i
ij
i
ij
ij
x
x
x
x
x
X
min
max
max
min
2
−
−
−
=
,
(1)
where X
ij
– is the standardized value of the j-th index of the i-th system; x
ij
–
indicators of the ecological, social and economic subsystems.
As a result of the analysis of the equilibrium of the subsystems in the region, it is
possible to calculate the index of environmentally sustainable development of the
region on the basis of the developed system of indicators:
)
(
1
1
=
=
n
j
ij
i
X
n
I
,
(2)
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