recognized as an intangible asset, and are to be reflected in the expenses of the reporting
period in which they were carried out [14].
On the basis of this opinion, scientists were divided: some of them argue that it is
necessary to take into account the cost of creating a trademark as the cost of sales,
referring to paragraph 9 P(S) of Accounting 8 "Intangible assets" as they are associated
with the sale (marketing) of products, goods, works and services.
But the rules of paragraph 7 P (S) of Accounting 8 "Intangible assets" have
priority, this paragraph defines the criteria for recognition of an intangible asset.
Therefore, if the developed trademark or the results of the research correspond to the
criteria given in it, the company has every reason to recognize them as an object of
intangible assets.
According to the current system of accounts, under which part of the costs,
development and research costs are related to the expenses of the period, and part of
the costs forms the value of the trademark and are accumulated on account 154
"Acquisition (creation) of intangible assets", and then recognized in the balance sheet
as an intangible asset debited account 123 "Rights to commercial designations". The
initial cost of trademarks, which will be credited to the balance of the enterprise,
includes the amount of fees paid at registration, the amount of state duty upon receipt
of the certificate, the cost of services of a patent attorney, the cost of services of various
specialists directly related to the creation of the trademark (fee to the advertising
Agency for the development, design services, etc.) [7].
Thus, depending on the chosen option, the value of the enterprise's costs and the
value of the enterprise's assets will change, which in turn will affect the enterprise's
profit and the balance sheet structure of the business entity.
The next step is to conclude a franchise agreement. The contract defines the form
of remuneration for the use of the rights granted by the franchisor, there are three forms:
-
lump-sum payment is a one-time payment with a fixed amount of money and
does not depend on the volume of production or sales of products using intellectual
property rights;
-
royalty is periodic payment for the use of intangible assets;
-
combined form is payment including royalties and lump-sum payment.
Income under the franchise agreement is reflected in the account 71 "Other
operating income" [7].
In the Tax Code it is determined that the supply of services is any transaction
which is not a distribution of goods or a transaction for the transfer of rights to objects
of intellectual property rights and other intangible assets or other property rights with
respect to such intellectual property rights and the provision of services consumed in
the process of committing a specific action or implementing a specific activity.
Granting the right to use the skill and knowledge and brand of the franchisee also fits
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