Optimizing the use of the environment in agricultural production and minimizing
the negative impact on it can be achieved by improving the organizational and
economic mechanisms of natural management.
The development of an ecological and economic mechanism for the organization
and development of agriculture will provide the formation of human social-ecological
and economic values in the agricultural system.
The change in the relationship between the society and the environment includes
modifications of the human consciousness, psychology, system of values and behavior
toward the environment, which is achieved through the acceptance of environmental
norms and principles and the recognition of the need for solving environmental
problems. Awareness of ecological and ethical norms and their practical
implementation depend on human development and social sentiment. In this regard,
the formation of an appropriate relation to the environment is a continuous process [3,
p. 140].
The practical solution to the problem of forming ecological consciousness can
take be found in two directions.
The first direction covers the perception and propagation of modern ideas of
sustainable and harmonious coexistence of people with nature, the gradual change of
relations between people and the environment, the formation of new needs through
environmental education.
The second direction is a gradual economic evolution, the content of which
consists of radical changes in the structure of the national economy and social sphere
through the appropriate economic and financial mechanisms.
An integrated combination of the above-mentioned directions is an effective way
of increasing the motivation of agricultural producers; it will make possible to create
an efficiently functioning sector of environmentally friendly producers.
The growth of ecological consciousness and the welfare of the population should
occur simultaneously, in the process of environmentally-oriented development of the
national economy. When there are changes in the relationship between the society and
the natural environment, there are changes in the human consciousness, psychology,
system of values and behavior toward the environment. The main stimulus for the
initiation of this process is the appearance of new needs of the society, which would
combine economic, environmental and social components [4, p. 44]. That is, the
transition to the economy which is focused on the principles of ecologically balanced
development requires, first of all, the change of human attitude to the environment.
There are several different types of economic mechanisms depending on the tools
influencing the implementation of the environmental activities. Scientists Koniayev
O.V. and Zhyikov G.Y. distinguish two types – compulsory and encouraging. The first
ones include preferential crediting of agricultural producers; price stimulation of
environmentally friendly products; subsidies (centralized or local); interest-free loans;
exemption from taxes, a part of the profit (income) [5].
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