d) compensation from the budget funds to reduce the income loss of land owners
and land users as a result of the temporary preservation of the degraded and unfertile
land that was caused not by their exploitation.
The criteria for economic stimuli for land owners and land users for the rational
use and protection of land at the regional level are, first of all, the efficiency of
reproduction and increase in soil fertility up to the basic level after acquiring land in
ownership or use. This means, first of all, the increase in the soil content of humus and
other nutrients; decrease in acidity, waterlogging, salinity; creation of anti-erosion
structures and implementation of forest-melioration measures. In order to determine
the expediency of the use of the economic simulation for the greening of natural
resources at the local level, appropriate commissions should be established consisting
of representatives for the departments of land resources, agriculture and government
officials on economic issues and finance.
In order to ensure the integrity of the interaction of all elements of the economic
mechanism of greening in the agrarian production, its principles, criteria, tools, sources
of financing and incentive methods are determined (Fig. 2).
The principles of the economic stimulation mechanism include: the principle of
combining economic stimuli and penalties; the principle of stimulating the final results
of the carried out measures; the principle of independence from forms of management
and property.
Based on our research, these criteria were grouped into three blocks: preventive
measures; measures for the rational use and protection of land; measures of using
environmentally safe technologies.
The criteria for encouraging preventive measures in the field of greening the
agrarian production should include: the implementation of work on the creation of
protective plantations and field-protective forests; prevention of acidification of soil
solution by systematic carrying out the work on liming acids in soils, especially in
conditions of radioactive contamination; construction of anti-erosion hydrological-
technical structures; restriction of the intensive use of environmentally vulnerable
lands; the introduction of agricultural production technologies that do not imply the
use of chemically synthesized mineral fertilizers and chemical plant protection
products.
Criteria for promoting measures for the rational use and protection of land
include: optimization of the structure of land on the basis of natural and agricultural
zoning; optimization of areas of agricultural land and reduction of land cultivation;
conservation of unproductive and degraded land; compliance with land management
projects that provide environmental and economic grounding for crop rotation and land
management; proper maintenance of protective forest belts, timely repair of anti-
erosion structures and cutting, trimming in forest belts; improvement of the cultural
state of lands; reducing pollution of land by agrochemicals, waste production,
radioactive substances.
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