In our opinion, the national safety system includes such subsystems: economic,
military, humanitarian, informational, political, institutional and environmental safety.
As far as subsystems of the lower level are concerned, along with economic safety, the
inseparable integrity of economic security is formed by foreign economic,
macroeconomic, industrial, energy, social, demographic, food, financial, investment,
innovation and intellectual safety.
In accordance with the second approach, the system of economic safety is a set of
interconnected and interrelated elements that through concerted actions can counteract
threats and ensure the safe development of the national economy. In our opinion, the
system of economic security is:
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firstly, an open system that interacts with the environment and experiences a
steady stream of external energy and information (these are permanent dangers and
threats);
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secondly, it is characterized by absolute activity, that is, the ability to achieve
the goals, using an effective toolkit. In this case, the interaction between its elements
contributes to the emergence of new integral qualities that are not inherent in individual
elements of the system;
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thirdly, it is the dynamic system, which is constantly changing, especially
under the influence of the institutional environment and as a result of such changes,
becomes a qualitatively new form or essence;
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fourthly, it is a self-organized system, based on the effect of the law of
synergy - the general law of the development of any organized system that manifests
its internally necessary and constant links between its elements. The combination of all
elements of the system leads to the formation of qualitatively new sources of
development and the emergence of the so-called systemic effect - the effect of the
emergence.
The system of economic safety should cover the following important structural
elements: safety object; a safety subject and a mechanism for guaranteeing economic
safety (see Figure 1). The object of safety is all that is directed towards the threat of
internal and / or external threats. The subjects of safety are individual citizens,
households, enterprises, organizations, institutions, public institutions, as well as the
state represented by authorized legislative, executive and judicial authorities, which by
means of an effective mechanism will provide reliable protection of the safety object
(s) from different kind of threats. Under the mechanism of providing economic safety
we mean a set of clearly formulated actions of the safety actors aimed at identifying,
preventing and eliminating actual and potential threats with the help of special tools
(methods, levers, functions, means, etc.). Methods, tools and levers are unique ways of
influencing the formation of a safe environment and guaranteeing economic safety in
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