engineering calculation, and the upper part of the header (5), has an air cushion (9), is
covered by the blind area (7), which has air exchangers (8).
The anti-filtration system (version 1) works as follows. A continuous clay screen
has a low filtration coefficient, but groundwater penetrates through it to a deeper part
of the structure after a certain time, accumulate in a water basin.
The voltage of the filament of the heat-conducting electrical cable is applied.
The electric current passing through the cable heats it, after which there is heating
of the soil-filler of the header and transformation of the water accumulated in it into a
vapor-like state, followed by the raising of this substance before the pillow, and then
removing it from the compartments located in the viewport beyond the catchment area.
After drying the sump, the voltage to the cable stops.
Figure 5. Cross section A - A of the anti-filtration system
Significant disadvantages of the proposed system are:
- impossibility to clearly determine the amount of air cushion;
- completely drain the water collector;
- decrease in strength of the blind area due to the presence of a significant amount
of air exchangers.
In addition, the cooling of the blind and the upper layer of the reservoir filler
during the cold season will not allow the vapor-like substance to leave the periwinkle
because it will turn into water and remain at this level of removal. This will not allow
the anti-filtration system to perform its functions [13].
An alternative solution to the problem posed in the study may be an anti-filtration
system (version 2) (for distinguishing variants, it is called the system for ensuring the
dryness of the deepened part of the structure). The diagram of the system for ensuring
the dryness of the deepened part of the structure is shown in Fig. 6. The schematic
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