Borshchevska O.
PhD, associate professor, Chair of Civil and Labor Law of Odessa National
Maritime University, Odessa, Ukraine
FUNDAMENTAL LEGAL EDUCATION AS A GUARANTEE OF
FORMATION OF HIGH-PROFESSIONAL ADVOCACY IN THE
REALITIES OF MODERN CIVIL SOCIETY (HISTORICAL AND LEGAL
ANALYSIS ON THE EXAMPLE OF ODESSA)
Introduction. To date, the profession of attorney is very important for modern
society, since a true lawyer is a person with a broad horizon of global all-round
development and a high degree of morality.
Even in ancient Rome tendencies of training of lawyers according to high moral
canons were outlined. So, the pedagogical thought on the formation of the personality
of the lawyer of Ancient Rome was reflected, first of all, in the works of Cicero,
Seneca, Quintilian. In the philosophical and pedagogical treatise "O ritora" Cicero
described the ideal image of a comprehensively formed philosopher-rhetorician who
has a dynamic mind that he developed during his studies. The essence of man Cicero
defined the concept of "humanity", "humanity." The ideal of education is a perfect
rhetorician, a word artist and a public figure. The only way to achieve genuine human
maturity is systematic and continuous education and self-education. The rhetorician
needs, first of all, to learn a common culture and get a "universal education". Only
under such conditions can you become a perfect person. The content of the formation
of the future rhetorician Cicero defined as follows: knowledge of philosophy, history,
laws, mastering the skills and skills of uttering speeches. For the future of the rhetoric,
such personality traits as tact, responsiveness, courage, moderation, justice, prudence,
friendliness, and the desire to serve society should be characteristic. A disgusting moral
defect Cicero considered selfishness [1].
But it should be noted that in Roman society special attention was paid only to
the external effects of public speaking, to its form, and not to content. It was considered
necessary to constantly improve their skills in performances before the public,
accumulate the necessary practical experience. The practical orientation of the Roman
system of education led to the fact that it was the Roman teachers who raised the
question of creating the first textbooks and short guidelines for teaching in order to
save time allocated for the educational process and optimize the learning activity itself.
That is, at that time separate principles of the symbiosis of morality, practical skills and
knowledge of theoretical legal foundations by rhetoric-speakers were laid.
For more than two millennia, legal education has plunged into darkness, then
again gained momentum. With the development of innovative technologies in the 21st
- 993 -