comparison with the equalization period reduced: rumination per day for 12 minutes
(2.7 %), and milk yield
for a week - by 1.0 kg (3.4 %). The return of cows of this group
to the ration of the equalization period reduced the rumination by 14 minutes (3.2 %),
while with the first experiment - by 26 minutes (5.7 %), milk yield for 2.0 kg (6,7 %)
and 1.0 kg (3.4 %). In cows of the 2nd group in the 1 st trial period the level of
rumination increased by 6.0 min (1.2 %), but the expectations decreased by 1.0 kg (3.4
%). After transferring the group to a diet with "under-crushing" components, chewing
activity in comparison with the equal period increased by 13 minutes (2.7 %), and with
the first one - by 7.0 min (1.4 %). Need in the first case decreased by 1.0 kg (3.4 %)
and remained unchanged - in the second. Biochemical studies of serum showed a
number of metabolic changes in the body of cows. In particular, when considering the
content of urea blood in serum, it should be noted that the shutdown of the slasher in
the 1 st trial period allowed to avoid the 10 % increase in urea content in the 1 st test
group.
The third section “PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DEEP TYPICAL
BLACK SOILS OF EASTERN FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE”. The definition of
physical (granulometric and microaggregate compositions, steady-state and solid phase
density of soil, structural state, porosity, etc.), hydrophysical (capillary, total and field
moisture capacities, maximum hygroscopicity) and electrophysical (electrical
conductivity) parameters of deep typical black soils of eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine
was conducted in the article, which allowed to reveal a complex origin of black soils,
the formation of their profile and indicators of soil fertility. According to the results of
the research, it was established that under the forest cultures (oak, birch, pine, larch),
there is developing a humus-accumulative process of soil formation. Furthermore it is
rotation usage of chernozemic soils that contributes to the renewal of the entire
complex of physical parameters of soil fertility. The parameters of arable soils
correspond to the lowest level among variants under investigation, which allows
singling out arable (agrogenic) soils among black soils that are developing under the
cover of grasses and tree vegetation.
The fourth section “EFFECTS OF PHOTOPERIOD AND MATURITY GENES
ON PLANT HORMONE BALANCE IN THE LEAVES AND SHOOT APICAL
MERISTEMS IN SOYBEAN ISOGENIC LINES”. Plant hormone ratio (IAA, ABA,
and GAs) in the leaves and shoot apical meristems (SAM) of soybean lines isogenic
for E genes under short and long day conditions was investigated in three-year field
experiments. Short-day (SD) lines with genotypes Е1Е2Е3, Е1е2е3 and neutral-day
(ND) lines with genotypes е1Е2е3, е1е2Е3, е1е2е3 were used. Experimental plant
groups were grown in short day conditions (9h) and control groups were grown under
a long photoperiod (16h). The contents of IAA and mostly GAs were reduced in the
leaves of all the SD lines and the ND line (e1E2E3) in a long day, which led to a
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