study emphasize that countries with high levels of competitiveness tend to provide a
higher level of well-being for their citizens.
According to the WEF research, according to the Global Competitiveness Index
2014-2018 [11], the ranking leaders are: USA, Singapore, Germany, Switzerland,
Japan, etc. Among the geographical neighbors of Ukraine, the highest place - 38-me -
occupied Russia, 39th place is Poland.
The competitiveness index of Ukraine will not undergo any special fluctuations
or changes. The given data testify that in 2012 the country had the most positive in
quantitative meaning of the index - the 73rd place. The deterioration of Ukraine's rating
for 8 positions is observed in 2018, according to the data of the reporting period, our
country ranks 81st. This phenomenon is explained by the economic crisis in the
country, which negatively affects the performance of the rating.
Table 2 Dynamics of the positions of Ukraine and some countries according to
the Global Competitiveness Index
Positions of
Ukraine and
some countries
according to the
Global
Competitiveness
Index
2012-2013
(з 144
countries)
2013-2014
(з 148
countries)
2014-2015
(з 144
countries)
2015-2016
(з 140
countries)
2016-2017
(з 138
countries)
2017-2018
(з 137
countries)
Russia
67
64
53
45
43
38
Poland
41
42
43
41
36
39
Turkey
43
44
45
51
55
53
Georgia
77
72
69
66
59
67
Ukraine
73
84
76
79
85
81
Source: formed by the author according to the data [11]
The assessment of the main components of the Global Competitiveness Index for
Ukraine in 2017-2018 compared to 2016-2017 years gives an opportunity to draw the
following conclusions. In two of the three sub-indexes Ukraine has improved its
position in the rating; after seven components we have improvement, for four -
deterioration, one position has not changed (Table 3).
So, according to the data of the Index, Ukraine has lost most of its positions in
terms of indicators that characterize the institutions, the macroeconomic environment
and the development of the financial market of the country.
At the same time, the Global Competitiveness Index also reveals a number of
problems that slow down the growth of the country's competitiveness. Among the most
important factors that negatively affect the level of competitiveness are corruption,
political instability, inflation, which hinder the development and stimulation of
business activity and investment in innovation (107th place). The economic situation
in Ukraine is quite specific, in terms of macroeconomics, our economy is close to the
- 201 -