learn; the teacher performs various roles at different stages of the class: informer,
resource consultant, and monitor.
As to the constructive approach to teaching foreign languages, it must be said,
that within the framework of constructive didactics, considering training to be the
process of self-organization of knowledge, which is expressed in the construction of
the reality and consciousness of an individual, knowledge and communication skills
are acquired or "constructed" by students themselves during interaction with the
teacher or other participants of the educational process.
The use of a constructive approach to teaching foreign languages somewhat
changes the functions of the teacher in the educational process. In the system of such
training the teacher is supposed:
- not only to teach, but also to facilitate and simplify the study of foreign
languages, motivate students to independently acquire knowledge (for example, during
their project work);
- to create a multifaceted, multimodal and communicatively oriented
environment, which should be based on subjective language experience and at the same
time contain new language tokens and clichés that motivate students to self-orientation
in the learning environment (for example, group work in the process of professionally
oriented training).
The basis of the educational process under conditions of constructive teaching is
the so-called "binding", that is, the combination of a new language material with your
own previous experience (acquired knowledge and communicative skills) and the
development by the student himself of new constructions (designs) in relation to the
form and content. Constructivism means that you create your systems and structures of
knowledge, comprehension and experience yourself, as knowledge is not a copy of
reality, it is constructed by the individual [Piaget J. Theory, Experiments, Discussion:
Collection of articles, 2001].
The basic principles of constructive training, especially relevant in view of the
need to organize high quality language education for tourism and economics students,
can be formulated as follows:
- the principle of non-imposition, but assistance that motivates the student to
self-improvement and research;
- knowledge is dynamic and is in constant development;
- training involves communication: the language we use directly affects the
process of cognition;
- the main objective of a foreign language teacher is creating an effective
linguistic environment, facilitating students’ interaction and providing a friendly moral
microclimate, mutual respect, and trust, which motivates students to learn the language
and communicate.
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