Note that before referring to the definition of the main category of study, the
etymology of the term "attention" should be considered. Some sources indicate that the
origin of this term is from the Latin word attendo, which translates as a tension of the
soul, an appeal to the object [1, 5]. However, there is a version of borrowing it from
the Polish language - from uwaga (which is the prefixal form of waga). Ukrainian terms
"remark", "respect" also indicate the action "to take into account" [2].
An appeal to philosophical and psychological literature suggests that the problem
of studying attention at all times was extremely in demand and at the same time
extremely controversial. Representatives of various schools studied this phenomenon
in the context of the main ideas of the direction to which they belonged. In particular,
the philosophical vision of the problem of attention appeared as a result of the
differentiation of the wider philosophical concept of "apperception" proposed by G.
Leibniz, who understood it as a clear (conscious) perception of the soul of a certain
content. A similar point of view on the problem of attention can be seen in the
philosophical views and Kant and I. Herbart.
Already later, V. Wundt, this notion was attributed to processes that integrate into
the integral structure of past experience. According to V. Vundtovvag, this is a mental
process that occurs with a clearer perception of the content of the content, which is
limited in comparison with the entire field of consciousness.
The leader of the structural school, which considers the subject of psychology
consciousness, E. Kindergaround understood as a state of consciousness (or degree),
which provides the best results during the mental work. While the founder of the motor-
biological concept of the psyche, W. James recognized the attention of one of the most
characteristic features of the spiritual life of a person, which allows for a permanent
change of new impressions that penetrate the area of feelings, notice only only a very
small part of them [3].
Significant contribution to the study of attention was made by the French
psychologist T. Ribo, who considered the attention to the mental state (exclusive or
predominant), accompanying the involuntary or artificial adaptation of the individual.
The supporter of his ideas was the n psychologist M. Langhe - author of the volitional
theory of attention, which is based on the position of communication with the
regulation of ideomotor movements, which occur during the perception of the
presentation of objects. By definition M. Lange, attention - is nothing else than the
relative domination of this representation at a given time, as it is objectively (for the
subject itself) means to be attentive and focused on this impression [3].
Considering attention in two forms (as a natural phenomenon as a product of
cultural development), L. Vygotsky within the limits of the cultural-historical approach
determines attention as an appeal to the process, subordinated to the general laws of
cultural development.
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