directed to mastering knowledge, ways of action and the formation of experience in
organizing their own activities "[3, p. 365].
Enrollment is not identified with the notion of "educational activity", since it
permeates every kind of human activity, including educational activity. Passive
teaching does not happen, because learning yourself means to show, firstly, activity
directed at a conscious purpose, and secondly, self-organization of actions aimed at the
acquisition of certain knowledge, abilities, skills, competencies.
V. Huzieiev and A. Ostapenko characterize "learning as an active way to teach
yourself" [4, p. 248]. According to R.
Gagni
[5], the process of learning consists of
four phases: the phase of perception (obtaining information at the expense of
actualization of attention, perception and short-term memorization); phases of
assimilation (encoding and transferring the acquired knowledge into long-term
memory); phase of storage (own storage, search in memory of necessary information
and reproduction); phases of execution and control (external execution of actions and
reception of feedback).
Conducting the study becomes possible only at a certain stage of the development
of the psyche, especially when the learner becomes able to regulate his actions for a
conscious purpose.
The experience of success in teaching induces the learner to active learning and
cognitive activity and is accompanied by a sense of cognitive growth, a general positive
attitude to this process and its results. While the lack of experience of success in the
teaching, which essentially expresses the attitude to itself and to the subject, suppresses
cognitive activity and reduces the effectiveness of the activity of the learner. And,
therefore, it is expedient to consider the study in the context of other components of
the triad of "learning - teaching - management", that is, in the context of teaching and
management.
Teaching as a component of the didactic triad "learning - teaching - management"
is a "process of direct informational and educational influence of the one who teaches,
on who learns" [3, p. 348]. Teaching includes, firstly, setting goals of the activity of
those who study, and secondly, providing information and educational support for the
implementation of various activities. Teaching can be carried out using a variety of
modern means, and also provide for an appeal to imagery. Informational-educational
influence during the teaching is provided not only by the speech of the person who
teaches, but also by his gestures, facial expressions, tone of voice, rate of broadcasting,
etc.
The basis of teaching is knowledge (theoretical (general (philosophical,
methodological), special (pedagogical, didactic, psychological, sociological,
andagogical, etc.), professional, procedural, technological, symbolic, etc.).
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